Deep Sky Catalog
Messier · Caldwell · NGC · IC
Computing tonight's sky…
Messier
 
A French comet hunter's 1771–1781 list of fuzzy "things to ignore" — now the most famous deep-sky list in history.
Caldwell
 
Patrick Moore's 1995 complement to Messier — 109 bright objects Messier missed, many far north or south of his Paris rooftop.
NGC
 
The New General Catalogue, 1888 — nearly 7,840 nebulae, galaxies, and clusters. The master reference astronomers still use today.
IC
 
The Index Catalogue, two supplements to the NGC published 1895 and 1908, adding 5,386 more objects found after the original.
Catalog All Catalogs Messier Caldwell NGC & IC
Object Type All Types Nebulae Galaxies Globular Clusters Open Clusters
Up Tonight Only
In the 1770s, French astronomer Charles Messier was a comet hunter, and in his nightly sweeps of the sky he kept being fooled by fuzzy patches that looked tantalizingly like comets but never moved. Frustrated, he compiled a list of these annoyances — things to ignore. Two and a half centuries later, his comet discoveries are forgotten, and his catalogue of distractions is the most famous deep-sky observing list in history: the Crab Nebula, the Andromeda Galaxy, the Pleiades, the Orion Nebula. Messier worked from Paris, though, and missed plenty of bright southern and far-northern showpieces — which is why this page also draws from Patrick Moore's Caldwell catalogue (his 1995 complement list), the sprawling New General Catalogue, and its Index Catalogue supplements, the working reference astronomers still use to name almost everything else. Above are the brightest of all four, ranked by how high they will climb above Zion tonight.